Combining MAGE with CAGE allowed the genome to manipulated as an editable and evolvable template. Scientists have combined a recently developed technique known as multiplex automated genome ...

An illustration of E. coli. Scientists have been racing to shrink the genetic code of this bacterium. Kateryna Kon / Science Photo Library via Getty Images The DNA of nearly all life on Earth is made ...

The DNA of nearly all life on Earth contains many redundancies, and scientists have long wondered whether these redundancies served a purpose or if they were just leftovers from evolutionary processes ...

Codon optimization is a central strategy in recombinant protein production, enabling genes from one organism to be efficiently expressed in another. Conventional methods typically replace ...

Liquid culture flasks of bacteria grown in yellow broth covered with tinfoil on a shaker. Bacterial strains needed to be tested every step of the way to create the highly compressed genome. Credit: ...

Here’s what you’ll learn when you read this story: Most organisms on Earth have the same basic genetic code, but it comes with some flaws. Scientists sought to work out those errors by creating their ...