Gut Microbes may have helped fuel the evolution of large human brains, shaping brain metabolism and gene activity, new ...

In the last post, we left off with the knowledge that human brains grow for longer into adulthood compared to chimp brains. But why would that matter? Turns out, that time allows for increased ...

The evolutionary journey from primitive plesiadapiforms to early primates during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs represents a critical chapter in mammalian history. Fossil records from these periods ...

A pioneering study provides new evidence that gut microbes vary across primate species and can shape physiology in ways associated with differences in brain size and cognitive function A new study sug ...

Scientists have long tried to understand the human brain by comparing it to other primates. Researchers are still trying to understand what makes our brain different to our closest relatives. Our ...

A man crosses a main road as pedestrians carrying food walk along the footpath in central Sydney, Australia, August 12, 2015. [REUTERS/David Gray/File] A new study has shed light on why our brains ...

Until Homo floresiensis was discovered, scientists assumed that the evolution of the human lineage was defined by bigger and bigger brains. Via a process called encephalization, human brains evolved ...