Genetic circuit engineering is the synthesis of unnatural DNA segments encoding protein or RNA molecules that control each other’s levels. Genetic circuit engineering is the bottom-up, local approach ...

Metabolic engineering is the use of genetic engineering to modify the metabolism of an organism. It can involve the optimization of existing biochemical pathways or the introduction of pathway ...

Here you can find CCEA past papers for GCSE Biology (Single Science). Use the links below to download question papers and mark schemes (which contain the answers). If you’re unsure whether you need ...